Of all the wind instruments, the flute is the one that boasts of its most remote origins. It is actually the simplest, and can be made even with a small reed: it is the instrument of the legends of the classical myths. Its name also covers several instruments of Antiquity which have nothing to do with the modern flute; the flute is Pan’s instrument, the Greek aulos, the roman tibia. The history as well as the literature of the modern flute began with the recorder; an instrument having a cylindrical body equipped with holed that allow to modify with the fingers the length of the air column, and a beak-shaped mouthpiece for the admission of air. The great popularity that this instrument had in the 17th and 18th centuries was eclipsed by the introduction of the transverse flute which finally caused it to fall out of use. The transverse flute, whose definition is “tube closed at one end, open at the other and equipped with a vaying number of lateral holes”, is constantly being improved. First it received the addition of a key, then of two; the famous Quantz, §Frederick the Great’s master, had other ones, and adjusted to the instrument the interchangeable joints, useful for regulating the tone of the high notes. Further improvements bear the names of Kusder, Grenser, Tromlitz, Ziegler, Gordon, but especially that of Theobald Bobm, who brought about a revolution not just in the field of flutes but of all the “woods”. The Bobm system, with the necessary improvements, is the one on which the making of the modern flute is based.
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